evened

even as, even when

这两者都引导时间状语从句,但前者比后者更具有偶然性,有“碰巧”的意味。

even if, even though

这两个短语都可作“即使,纵使”解,用来引导让步状语从句,一般可以换用。其细微差别是:

1.even if多用于口语中,而even though多用于书面语中。例如:

Even if you don't like wine, try a glass of this.

即使你不喜欢喝酒,也喝一杯试试。

They will stand by you even though you don't succeed.

纵然你不成功,他们也会支持你的。

2.even if引导的让步从句,所说的是一种假设兼让步; 而even though引导的让步从句所指的则是事实兼让步。试比较:

Even if he loves her, he can't marry her.

即使他爱她,他也不能和她结婚。

Even though he loves her, he can't marry her.

尽管他爱她,他也不能和她结婚。

下面句子中even位置的不同而引起的句子的侧重点不同:

Even I am not disturbed by Joe's threats.

连我也没有被乔的威吓所烦扰。

I am not even disturbed by Joe's threats.

乔的威吓我连一点不安的感觉都没有。

I am not disturbed even by Joe's threats.

连乔的威吓都没有使我不安起来。

Even I have not heard of him for two years.

连我也有两年没听到他的消息了。

I have not even heard of him for two years.

我已经两年连听都没听到他的消息了。

I have not heard of him even for two years.

我没听到他的消息都两年了。